Research, Imaging & Evidence-Based Practice

Which design provides the highest initial level of evidence for intervention efficacy (before rating with GRADE)?

Allocation concealment in RCTs primarily prevents:

Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis means:

A P-value of 0.03 means:

A 95% confidence interval (CI) for a mean difference that excludes 0 implies:

Type I vs Type II error:

Sample size for a two-arm superiority RCT depends on:

Sensitivity and specificity are test properties; PPV and NPV additionally depend on:

Positive likelihood ratio (LR+) and negative likelihood ratio (LR–) are:

Absolute risk reduction (ARR) is 5%. The number needed to treat (NNT) is:

When does the odds ratio approximate the risk ratio?

Kaplan–Meier survival curves are compared using:

In a Cox proportional hazards model, the key assumption is:

Under the GRADE framework:

Reporting guidelines—best match:

For perforator mapping before DIEP flap, the most detailed anatomic imaging is:

Best imaging for suspected perineural tumor spread in head & neck skin cancer:

Intraoperative assessment that helps predict skin flap necrosis:

Distinguishing lymphedema imaging tools—TRUE statement:

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90 indicates: