Pediatric Anesthesia

Minimum fasting intervals before elective anesthesia in children (clear liquids / breast milk / formula or light meal / fatty meal)?

For suspected laryngospasm unrelieved by jaw thrust and CPAP, the most effective next drug is:

Which child is at highest risk of latex allergy perioperatively?

Post-tonsillectomy analgesia in children should avoid:

Appropriate pediatric acetaminophen dosing (PO/PR/IV)?

Appropriate pediatric ibuprofen dosing (PO, normal kidneys)?

For ex-premature infants, which postconceptual age warrants admission/monitoring for postoperative apnea?

Best extubation strategy in pediatric OSA after adenotonsillectomy?

Airway positioning for infant intubation is optimized by:

Uncuffed vs cuffed ETT size formula (≥1 year)?

Estimated oral ETT depth in cm for children:

Typical induction dose of propofol in healthy children (not neonates/infants)?

Sevoflurane is preferred for inhalational induction in children because:

Which pediatric condition is an absolute reason to treat as a full stomach even if “fasted”?

Classic labs in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis before anesthesia:

Maximum single-dose local anesthetic limits in children (without epinephrine):

LAST first-line therapy in children:

PRBC transfusion dose to raise hemoglobin in children:

Approximate blood volume (mL/kg): preterm / term neonate / infant / child?

Management of post-intubation croup (stridor) in PACU:

Best initial support for moderate croup (no impending failure)?

Suspected epiglottitis in a toxic-appearing child—key principle:

For foreign body aspiration with unilateral wheeze and air trapping, best anesthetic approach for bronchoscopy?

Which cardiac lesion is ductal dependent and may worsen with high FiO₂/hyperventilation before diagnosis?

“Tet spell” (TOF hypercyanotic) acute management:

Down syndrome anesthesia concern most relevant to airway:

Pediatric anaphylaxis epinephrine dose (IM, 1 mg/mL):

Pediatric cardiac arrest epinephrine dose (IV/IO, 0.1 mg/mL):

Hypoglycemia treatment in infants/children (symptomatic, IV access):

Fluid management pearls: maintenance and bolus?

Which tonsillectomy patient needs **inpatient** monitoring after anesthesia?

Neonates differ from older children by:

Malignant hyperthermia in children—key early sign and first step?

Racemic epinephrine effect is:

Caudal epidural typical dosing rule of thumb (bupivacaine 0.25%):

Best predictor of difficult mask ventilation in toddlers with URTI?

Post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage in PACU—first priorities:

Which anesthetic choice best reduces PONV in pediatric strabismus surgery?

Appropriate ondansetron and dexamethasone dosing for PONV prophylaxis in children?

Cuffed ETT in infants—what’s TRUE?

Which strategy best prevents emergence delirium after short sevoflurane anesthesia in preschool children?

Typical intranasal midazolam premedication dose for anxious children?

Why are infants at higher risk of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) for a given mg/kg dose?

Initial airway/ventilation plan for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in the delivery room/OR?

Neonatal resuscitation—correct IV/IO epinephrine dose for bradycardia unresponsive to ventilation/compressions?

To reduce postoperative apnea in ex-preterm infants at risk, which therapy is evidence-based?

Proceeding with anesthesia in a child with mild URI (no fever, lungs clear). Which approach minimizes laryngospasm risk?

Which agents are SAFE for a child with known malignant hyperthermia susceptibility?