Male Infertility

A couple presents with 12 months of infertility; first male step?

Recommended abstinence period before semen analysis?

Which WHO 2021 lower reference limits (5th percentile) are correct?

Low semen volume (0.6 mL), acidic pH, absent fructose; most likely etiology?

Non-palpable vas deferens bilaterally on exam; next best test?

Which hormonal profile suggests primary testicular failure?

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to pituitary dysfunction; first-line fertility therapy?

Exogenous testosterone in an infertile man will:

Indications for varicocele repair in infertility include:

Best surgical approach for primary varicocele repair?

Azoospermia with normal testicular size, normal FSH/LH; differential includes:

Suspicion of ejaculatory duct obstruction; best diagnostic test?

Confirmed ejaculatory duct obstruction with infertility; first-line procedure?

Genetic testing recommended in nonobstructive azoospermia includes:

Which Y-chromosome deletion has the poorest sperm retrieval prognosis?

Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) classic features include:

Best sperm retrieval method in nonobstructive azoospermia?

In obstructive azoospermia with normal testes, a minimally invasive retrieval is:

Which semen parameter most strongly correlates with natural pregnancy chance per cycle?

Threshold TMSC commonly used for IUI success?

Severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia; most effective ART?

Role of antioxidants in idiopathic male infertility?

Sperm DNA fragmentation testing is most helpful when:

Retrograde ejaculation management in fertility planning includes:

A man has normal semen parameters but couples’ infertility persists; next male step?

Hyperprolactinemia effect on male fertility?

Which medication commonly impairs male fertility and should be reviewed?

Best initial imaging for palpable testicular mass in infertile male?

After vasectomy 8 years ago, a couple desires fertility; counseling includes:

Vasectomy reversal best intraoperative decision factor?

Post‑varicocelectomy semen improvement timeline?

When to order pituitary MRI in male infertility?

A man with obesity and low T/E ratio with infertility; reasonable medication?

Which lifestyle factor most improves male fertility potential?

Leukocytospermia definition and significance?

Best collection strategy if patient cannot ejaculate by masturbation?

A man with severe NOA considering micro‑TESE: key counseling point?

Anabolic steroid user with azoospermia wants fertility in 6 months; plan?

Which semen abnormality suggests partial retrograde ejaculation?

After TURED for ejaculatory duct obstruction, persistent infertility due to epididymal obstruction is suspected; next step?

Which male infertility profile warrants Y‑chromosome microdeletion testing?

Couple with recurrent pregnancy loss and normal semen parameters in the male; next best male test?

A man with AZFc deletion plans ICSI; key genetic counseling point?

Best instruction for handling an at‑home semen sample for analysis?

Anejaculation due to spinal cord injury: preferred first‑line semen retrieval method for fertility?

A 25‑year‑old starting gonadotoxic chemotherapy next week seeks fertility preservation; best plan?

Recurrent IVF failure with persistently high sperm DNA fragmentation despite optimization; next step?

Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) confirmed; optimal path to paternity?