Female Urology & Pelvic Floor (Incontinence, POP)

A 46-year-old multiparous woman leaks urine with cough/laugh; positive cough stress test; first-line management?

Best initial evaluation for uncomplicated SUI in clinic?

Urethral hypermobility on exam is suggested by:

In women with OAB (urgency±urge incontinence) first-line therapy is:

Pharmacologic option when behavioral therapy fails for OAB?

Contraindication/caution for antimuscarinics in OAB?

Mirabegron safety monitoring focuses on:

Third-line therapy for refractory OAB includes:

Risk with intradetrusor botulinum toxin A to counsel:

Definition of mixed urinary incontinence (MUI):

POP-Q system primarily assesses:

First-line therapy for stage II pelvic organ prolapse with minimal bother?

Non-surgical option for symptomatic prolapse in women desiring uterine preservation?

Most common cause of female urethral diverticulum symptoms?

Best imaging for suspected urethral diverticulum?

Postpartum SUI early postpartum period management?

Recurrent UTIs in postmenopausal women prevention measure with evidence:

Culture-negative chronic pelvic pain with urinary frequency/urgency diagnosis?

First-line management for BPS/IC?

Red-flag symptom in pelvic floor disorders warranting urgent evaluation?

Obstetric fistula (vesicovaginal) classic presentation timeline:

Best initial test to confirm vesicovaginal fistula in clinic?

Female urethral stricture hallmark sign/symptom?

First-line treatment for uncomplicated stress incontinence refractory to PFMT but desires minimal invasiveness?

Midurethral sling (MUS) mechanism of action:

Common early complication after MUS to counsel:

Indication to avoid synthetic mesh sling and consider autologous fascial sling?

Sacral neuromodulation indications include:

Pelvic organ prolapse surgery goal for sexually active woman desiring vaginal length preservation?

Complication of anterior colporrhaphy to discuss:

Diagnosis most consistent with: urgency, frequency, nocturia, no stress leakage, PVR 20 mL?

Postmenopausal dyspareunia with recurrent UTIs; therapy addressing both?

Post-hysterectomy continuous leakage but normal cystoscopy; tampon test with phenazopyridine shows orange vaginal staining without bladder dye—suspicious for?

During laparoscopic hysterectomy, the ureter is most at risk of injury where?

First-line treatment for fecal incontinence with weak pelvic floor in women?

Urinary retention after MUS persists beyond 4–6 weeks; next step?

Diagnostic feature suggesting intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) on urodynamics?

Conservative measure for nocturia in women with evening edema?

Evaluation before invasive therapy for OAB typically includes:

Counseling point before sacral neuromodulation trial (PNE/Stage I)?

In women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD), which midurethral sling approach has higher objective cure rates?

During retropubic midurethral sling placement, routine intraoperative cystoscopy primarily detects:

Typical complication more associated with transobturator slings compared with retropubic route is:

Best initial management for small, asymptomatic vaginal mesh exposure after MUS in a postmenopausal woman is:

Minimum recommended duration of supervised PFMT before judging failure in uncomplicated SUI is approximately:

A woman with recurrent uncomplicated UTIs temporally related to intercourse seeks prophylaxis; reasonable strategy?

Non‑antibiotic option with evidence for recurrent UTI prevention in women (without catheters) is:

Asymptomatic bacteriuria should be treated in which scenario?

First‑line therapy for overactive bladder that persists after behavioral therapy and one medication class?

Key counseling point before intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA for OAB is the risk of:

A 38‑year‑old with primary bladder neck obstruction causing storage and voiding symptoms; initial medical option?

Which finding favors urethral bulking instead of sling for SUI?

In mixed urinary incontinence, surgical correction of SUI typically:

Preferred imaging to diagnose urethral diverticulum and delineate ostium is:

Typical presentation of urethral diverticulum includes the “three Ds,” which are:

A small urethral caruncle in a hypoestrogenic woman is best managed initially with:

Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is indicated for which condition after conservative/med failures?

Posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) compared with SNM is best described as:

Initial bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) management emphasizes:

Classic cystoscopic finding in ulcerative IC is:

Preferred initial management for nocturia due to dependent edema in women is:

In a patient with fresh obstetric vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) recognized early and small, a reasonable initial step is:

Timing for definitive surgical repair of most post‑surgical or radiation VVF is typically:

Risk factor most associated with de novo urgency after stress incontinence sling surgery is:

Which test best confirms stress incontinence at bedside?

First‑line therapy for fecal incontinence associated with pelvic floor dysfunction is:

In evaluating female BOO, which noninvasive sign raises suspicion?

For symptomatic stage II cystocele in a sexually active woman desiring durable repair, an option is:

Contraindication to antimuscarinic therapy for OAB is:

After midurethral sling, persistent voiding dysfunction >4–6 weeks despite conservative measures; next step?

Fowler’s syndrome is characterized by:

For a woman on chronic intermittent catheterization, the best UTI prevention strategy is:

A small symptomatic urethral caruncle that fails estrogen therapy should be treated with:

Which statement about pessary care is accurate?

Post‑menopausal woman with recurrent UTI and atrophic vaginitis; best foundational therapy?

For refractory OAB with Hunner lesions, a procedural option is:

Which urodynamic parameter supports intrinsic sphincter deficiency?

In a woman with symptomatic POP choosing obliterative surgery who is not sexually active, an option is:

After MUS, a woman presents with vaginal discharge, dyspareunia, and partner discomfort; most likely diagnosis?

First‑line noninvasive therapy for pelvic floor myofascial pain with urinary frequency is:

Continuous urine leakage begins 1 week after cesarean delivery; cystoscopy is normal and bladder dye test is negative. Best next diagnostic study?

Which patient factor increases risk of vaginal mesh exposure after a midurethral sling?

After midurethral sling, a patient develops new urgency/frequency 3 weeks post-op; PVR 40 mL and UA negative. Initial management?

Key surgical principle in urethral diverticulectomy is:

A woman with severe SUI from intrinsic sphincter deficiency after failed MUS seeks durable option. Best next surgical choice?

For refractory OAB, which is a relative contraindication to intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA?

Sacral neuromodulation should be deferred in the presence of:

A nulliparous woman with SUI plans pregnancy within a year. Preferred initial management?

A pessary user presents with malodorous discharge and spotting; exam shows localized erosion. Next step?

In an older woman with cognitive concerns and OAB requiring medication, preferred pharmacologic choice?

Woman with non-obstructive chronic urinary retention and recurrent UTIs; safest baseline bladder management?

Stage IV uterine prolapse with bilateral hydronephrosis; first immediate step?

How is “occult” stress incontinence best assessed before prolapse surgery?

For a high supratrigonal vesicovaginal fistula, the preferred surgical approach is typically:

Vaginal fluid is collected in suspected urinary fistula; which test confirms urinary origin?

Persistent focal dyspareunia from palpable sling band without erosion despite PFPT and topical estrogen; next step?