Glaucoma

What is the most important risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma?

Which layer of the optic nerve is first affected in glaucoma?

A patient presents with sudden eye pain, mid-dilated pupil, and halos around lights. Likely diagnosis?

Which medication lowers IOP by decreasing aqueous humor production?

Which class of drugs increases uveoscleral outflow?

What is the mechanism of action of acetazolamide?

A patient has IOP of 40 mmHg, corneal haze, and no view of the angle. Next step?

Which visual field defect is most characteristic of glaucoma?

In normal-tension glaucoma, what is typically seen on exam?

Which finding is most specific for glaucomatous optic neuropathy?

What procedure is most effective in preventing recurrence in angle-closure glaucoma?

What is the main indication for trabeculectomy?

What is the normal range of intraocular pressure?

Which test is best to evaluate optic nerve head in glaucoma?

What is the typical appearance of acute angle closure on gonioscopy?

What is the purpose of a visual field test in glaucoma?

Which drug is contraindicated in angle-closure glaucoma?

What does a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.8 suggest?

What is a side effect of prostaglandin analogs?

Which finding suggests progression of glaucoma?

In pigmentary glaucoma, what is the mechanism of increased IOP?

Which test is used to evaluate outflow facility?

What is the target IOP for a patient with severe glaucoma?

A patient has open angles, optic nerve cupping, and normal pressure. Diagnosis?

What is the mechanism of action of pilocarpine?

Which surgical procedure creates a subconjunctival filtering bleb?

What is a major complication of trabeculectomy?

What is the role of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT)?

Which systemic condition is associated with neovascular glaucoma?

What is the cause of buphthalmos in infants?

What is the characteristic sign of plateau iris syndrome?

What is the first-line treatment for primary congenital glaucoma?

What does a RAPD indicate in a glaucoma patient?

Which angle structure is first visible on gonioscopy?

What drug is often used orally in acute angle closure?

What distinguishes secondary glaucoma from primary?

What is a common complication of laser iridotomy?

What is the most likely cause of IOP elevation in uveitic glaucoma?

What is the function of brimonidine?

What type of glaucoma may occur after a central retinal vein occlusion?

What is the most important step in managing neovascular glaucoma?

What feature distinguishes exfoliative glaucoma?

Which feature best distinguishes pigmentary glaucoma?

Which part of the optic nerve is first affected in glaucoma?

Which drug may cause deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus?

Which type of glaucoma often presents with halos and intermittent symptoms?

What is the effect of chronic steroid use on IOP?

What is the primary role of the trabecular meshwork?

What is the best next step after failed medical therapy for primary open-angle glaucoma?

What feature of the optic disc is most predictive of glaucoma?

What is a Seidel test used for?

What is the most important risk factor for progression in normal-tension glaucoma?

What is “ghost cell glaucoma”?

Which medication can cause iris pigmentation and lash growth?

What does a positive family history imply in primary open-angle glaucoma?

What defines ocular hypertension?

Which structure is visualized with indirect gonioscopy?

What indicates successful trabeculectomy on exam?

What defines a glaucomatous optic disc hemorrhage?

Which visual field test is most commonly used in glaucoma?

What is the best initial treatment for pigmentary glaucoma?

What is the effect of angle recession after trauma?

Which test confirms a narrow angle in asymptomatic patients?

What does “IOP fluctuation” correlate with in glaucoma?

What laser is used for laser peripheral iridotomy?

What should be monitored in patients on systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

What is the most common cause of blindness in open-angle glaucoma?

What is the “double hump” sign in gonioscopy?

What causes glaucomatocyclitic crisis (Posner-Schlossman syndrome)?

What is the gold standard for measuring intraocular pressure?

What is the mechanism of alpha-agonists in glaucoma?

What can lead to failure of trabeculectomy?

What is the appearance of Haab’s striae?

What is the most important long-term follow-up for glaucoma patients?

What drug is avoided after acute angle-closure treatment?

What does “cupping” refer to in glaucoma?

What is the purpose of perimetry in glaucoma?

What is a cyclodestructive procedure?

What is the cause of elevated IOP in Sturge-Weber syndrome?

What is the goal of glaucoma treatment?

Which type of glaucoma is associated with Weill-Marchesani syndrome?

What is the most appropriate initial imaging modality for optic nerve evaluation in glaucoma?

What IOP measurement artifact is likely in a patient after LASIK?

Which glaucoma medication is contraindicated in sick sinus syndrome?

What is a key sign of juvenile open-angle glaucoma?

What is the gold standard treatment for uveitic glaucoma with synechial angle closure?

What visual field defect is often first seen in glaucoma?

What is the mechanism behind IOP elevation in steroid-induced glaucoma?

Which drug combination can cause severe IOP lowering?

What is the most frequent cause of trabeculectomy failure?

What type of glaucoma is most common in aphakic children?

Which visual field pattern correlates with superior RNFL loss?

What is the function of Schlemm’s canal?

What’s the risk of untreated angle-closure glaucoma?

Which condition presents with IOP elevation, corneal edema, and iris atrophy?

What defines malignant glaucoma?

What is a typical sign in congenital glaucoma?

Which test assesses diurnal variation in IOP?

What is the ideal IOP in advanced glaucoma?

Which side effect is most common with oral acetazolamide?

Which genetic mutation is associated with juvenile open-angle glaucoma?

What is the mechanism of action of netarsudil?

What sign suggests advanced glaucomatous cupping?

Which glaucoma treatment may cause CME in pseudophakic eyes?

What is the target structure in canaloplasty?

What defines “end-stage” glaucoma?

Which glaucoma is most associated with trauma?

What’s the mechanism of goniotomy?

What test helps confirm low tension glaucoma?

What surgical option is considered safest for early POAG?

What is a contraindication for netarsudil?

What is the function of viscoelastic in MIGS procedures?

What’s the purpose of a Molteno or Ahmed valve?

What differentiates glaucoma from optic neuropathies?

What is the hallmark of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma on slit lamp?

What is the primary cause of blindness in Africa related to glaucoma?

Which class of glaucoma medication should be avoided in severe COPD?

What does an “optic disc pit” mimic in glaucoma?

What’s the significance of corneal hysteresis in glaucoma?

What defines successful glaucoma control?